The concept of lithospheric flexure underneath mountain ranges as proposed by Karner and Watts, although generally valid, does not explain the behaviour of the Moho underlying the High Himalayas in Nepal and the Tibetan Plateau, when examined in detail. Isostasy and Flexure of the Lithosphere A. The model does not support continental underthrusting of the Indian plate underneath Tibet in the manner envisaged by Powell and Conaghan. The upper crust in the High Himalayas region appears to have higher than normal density, as compared to the crust south of the Indus-Tsangpo Suture. The upper mantle should have a density of about 3.32 g cm 3. The model presented suggests that the density contrast between the crustal root beneath the High Himalaya-Tibet region and the Moho is of the order of 0.32 g cm 3. in the Himalaya-Tibetan region of Nepal has been used to restrict Moho depth along the profile. Explosion Seismology data obtained by Hirn et al. The basic concepts of lithospheric isostasy and flexure predate the development of plate tectonics in the 1960s and 1970s.
The profile passes through the Ganga basin, Lower, Higher and Tethys Himalayas and finishes near the Indus-Tsangpo Suture. Isostasy and Flexure of the Lithosphere, A. the Indian Plate slides beneath the Himalaya and Southern Tibet, generates compressional strain that accumulates in the Himalaya, which is responsible for the great Himalayan Earthquakes (Cattin and Avouac, 2000 Bilham et al., 2001 Bilham, 2004 Feldl and Bilham, 2006).
The gravity field in the Nepalese Himalayas-Tsangpo region has been analysed along a profile starting from near Giridih (24☁0'N, 86☂0☎) and continuing over the Indian peninsular shield to near Tingri (28★0'N, 87☎) close to the Tsangpo Suture.
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